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Empires and Barbarians: Migration, Development and the Birth of Europe ペーパーバック – 完全版, 2010/3/19
英語版
Peter Heather
(著)
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At the start of the first millennium AD, southern and western Europe formed part of the Mediterranean-based Roman Empire, the largest state western Eurasia has ever known, and was set firmly on a trajectory towards towns, writing, mosaics, and central heating. Central, northern and eastern Europe was home to subsistence farmers, living in wooden houses with mud floors, whose largest political units weighed in at no more than a few thousand people. By the year 1000, Mediterranean domination of the European landscape had been destroyed. Instead of one huge Empire facing loosely organised subsistence farmers, Europe – from the Atlantic almost to the Urals – was home to an interacting commonwealth of Christian states, many of which are still with us today . This book tells the story of the transformations which changed western Eurasia forever: of the birth of Europe itself.
- 本の長さ752ページ
- 言語英語
- 出版社Pan Books
- 発売日2010/3/19
- 対象読者年齢18 歳以上
- 寸法13 x 4.78 x 19.71 cm
- ISBN-100330492551
- ISBN-13978-0330492553
商品の説明
著者について
Peter Heather was born in Northern Ireland in 1960 and educated at Maidstone Grammar School and New College, Oxford. He has taught at University College, London, and Yale University, and is currently a Fellow of Medieval History at Worcester College Oxford. He is the author of a number of acclaimed works of history, including The Fall of the Roman Empire, published by Pan Macmillan in 2005.
登録情報
- 出版社 : Pan Books; Unabridged版 (2010/3/19)
- 発売日 : 2010/3/19
- 言語 : 英語
- ペーパーバック : 752ページ
- ISBN-10 : 0330492551
- ISBN-13 : 978-0330492553
- 対象読者年齢 : 18 歳以上
- 寸法 : 13 x 4.78 x 19.71 cm
- カスタマーレビュー:
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Joao Cunha Marques
5つ星のうち4.0
The substance is great, the hardcover not so much.
2022年3月2日にスペインでレビュー済みAmazonで購入
Great book and very informative. My only problem is with the construction of the hardcover. The size of the pages does not allow enough space om the inner margins and so the text is too close to the gutter of the book (the space where the inner margins meed - the middle of the book). It takes all the pleasure from reading a book as you have to really struggle to read the end of each line and also it seems that you are going to break the book when reading. Terrible construction.
Christian G. Cameron
5つ星のうち5.0
And excellent overview of a difficult period
2017年7月27日にカナダでレビュー済みAmazonで購入
Peter Heather's book on the period from the decline of the Western Roman empire to the end of the first millennium is both revolutionary and conservative in its outlook, largely because he pushes to restore, albeit with far finer resolution and detail, the migration to our ideas of the 'Dark Ages.' While other reviewers found his book repetitive, I found his brief reviews of both his complex theory and the available evidence to be refreshing and useful; by the latter part of the book, when I felt reasonably immersed in his evidence, I'd skip the synopsis. This is not a deeply academic book, and is virtually jargon-free, a unique achievement in the field.
I write historical fiction for a living, and I read history every day. Books like this, and their extensive bibliographies of primary source evidence and archaeological evidence are the very bedrock of good history. Thaks, Prof. Heather!
I write historical fiction for a living, and I read history every day. Books like this, and their extensive bibliographies of primary source evidence and archaeological evidence are the very bedrock of good history. Thaks, Prof. Heather!
I. Jones
5つ星のうち5.0
Fascinating study of how migration contributed to the development of modern Europe
2018年11月9日に英国でレビュー済みAmazonで購入
This is the second book of Peter Heather’s that I’ve read. I read his book on the fall of the Roman Empire a few years ago. As other reviewers have pointed out, this book is more analysis than narrative. In effect it is a review and a critique of earlier histories of Europe in the first millennium CE, histories inspired by nationalisms and ideologies of right and left. It is detailed and fully referenced. Heavy going if you were hoping to skim through a thousand years of complex history; fascinating if you want to understand how Europe as a political concept came into being.
The book focuses on four main groups of migrants: Germanic (Goths, Saxons, Vandals et al.), nomads (Huns, Avars, Magyars), Scandinavians (Vikings) and Slavs. It ends with an analysis of how the Slavs came to occupy large swathes of what are now Eastern Europe and Russia.
This book was originally published in 2009, at a time when a new wave of Slav/East European immigration, this time into Britain, was beginning to be seen as problematic. Stoked by UKIP and right-wing Tories, the fear of Slavicisation eventually contributed to Brexit. Heather shows why migration is such a politically sensitive issue and how much ignorance there is about it, particularly in the UK where the fact that we are a nation of European immigrants is usually brushed carefully under the carpet. Heather reminds us that in the first millennium CE we were colonised by Romans, Saxons/Angles/Jutes, Vikings and Normans. And of course, we’ve still not thrown off the Norman yoke. As Heather shows, population movements from over a thousand years ago are still impacting politics today.
I like Heather’s style: erudite but certainly not pompous, and punctuated with wry humour, but not too much of it to distract attention from the seriousness of the subject.
I have also bought the same author’s “The Restoration of Rome” which I will read shortly. Although that was published more recently, perhaps I should have read it first. Peter Heather is chronologically out of sync. He has another book out which I will also buy.
Just to add: this book meshes with Peter H Wilson’s “The Holy Roman Empire”, which covers some of the same ground for a couple of hundred years anyway, such as the formation and disintegration of a Frankish empire and the HRE’s relationship with the peoples on its eastern borders.
The book focuses on four main groups of migrants: Germanic (Goths, Saxons, Vandals et al.), nomads (Huns, Avars, Magyars), Scandinavians (Vikings) and Slavs. It ends with an analysis of how the Slavs came to occupy large swathes of what are now Eastern Europe and Russia.
This book was originally published in 2009, at a time when a new wave of Slav/East European immigration, this time into Britain, was beginning to be seen as problematic. Stoked by UKIP and right-wing Tories, the fear of Slavicisation eventually contributed to Brexit. Heather shows why migration is such a politically sensitive issue and how much ignorance there is about it, particularly in the UK where the fact that we are a nation of European immigrants is usually brushed carefully under the carpet. Heather reminds us that in the first millennium CE we were colonised by Romans, Saxons/Angles/Jutes, Vikings and Normans. And of course, we’ve still not thrown off the Norman yoke. As Heather shows, population movements from over a thousand years ago are still impacting politics today.
I like Heather’s style: erudite but certainly not pompous, and punctuated with wry humour, but not too much of it to distract attention from the seriousness of the subject.
I have also bought the same author’s “The Restoration of Rome” which I will read shortly. Although that was published more recently, perhaps I should have read it first. Peter Heather is chronologically out of sync. He has another book out which I will also buy.
Just to add: this book meshes with Peter H Wilson’s “The Holy Roman Empire”, which covers some of the same ground for a couple of hundred years anyway, such as the formation and disintegration of a Frankish empire and the HRE’s relationship with the peoples on its eastern borders.
jt52
5つ星のうち5.0
Peter Heather builds on his Fall of Rome theory
2012年10月31日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済みAmazonで購入
With "Empires & Barbarians", London historian Peter Heather has written a complex but very worthwhile book on European political and demographic changes in the period between 300AD and 1000AD, extending the thinking presented in his outstanding "The Fall of the Roman Empire". While I have some criticisms, as explained below, this is a very important synthesis of research and a must read for anyone interested in the topic.
In "The Fall of the Roman Empire," Heather presented what was to me a new and original explanation for the dissolution of the empire, one of history's great questions. Heather believes that technological developments and wealth leached out from the Roman borders to allow the Germanic tribes living in northern and eastern Europe to develop a greater level of material and political sophistication and more efficient agricultural methods. This increase in sophistication led to a population rise among the Germanic tribes, and in turn an increase in political and military heft, which allowed the tribes to encroach on an overextended Roman empire, teetering from civil war and war on its Persian front. In a fascinating passage in "Empires & Barbarians," Heather speculates that the Hunnic invasion form the steppes led by Attila was a crucial precipitating cause in the collapse of the empire, as the increasingly powerful Germanic tribes would probably have done no more than annex certain Roman provinces, letting the Empire continue on. Heather supports his theory principally through a review of recent archaeological research from Germany and eastern Europe with less emphasis placed on Roman historical writings.
"Empires & Barbarians" advances Heather's case by describing current thinking of human migrations, examines issues and controversies currently preoccupying ancient & medieval scholars, making in-depth analysis of events such as the Anglo-Saxon takeover of Britain and the expansion of the Frankish empire in the 5th & 6th centuries, and careful reviews of the archaeological digs undertaken by Warsaw Pact scientists to unravel the mysteries of the Slavic ascendance. The analysis is penetrating, subtle and not pedantic.
A measure of the excellence of this book can be seen in the account of middle medieval Byzantium. I have read quite a few books about Byzantine history yet nothing has clarified for me the shape and crucial developments in Byzantium's empire after the fall of the west like the few pages Heather devotes to it. Heather summarizes the brutal wars Byzantium successfully engaged in during the earlier part of the 7th century, with a dramatic and draining success on both the European and Persian fronts "turning to ashes" as the Islamic wave swept across the world, expropriating several of the eastern empire's most important provinces, which rendered Byzantium into an appendage of the Islamic empire after about 650. Such clarifying overviews are frequently found in "Empires & Barbarians".
I mentioned some flaws: The chief among them is a stilted, academic style. There is a reliance on jargon and euphemism that detracts from Heather's message and analysis. Phrases like "political identity" and "variegated patterns of participation" abound. Heather would have been better served by writing crisply and clearly. Writing of the Frankish takeover of Roman territories in northern Gaul, he writes: "the process was stressful for the indigenous population, who found themselves invaded by an intrusive new elite and incorporated into a new kingdom that was imposing on them new duties based on the alternative conception of a triple-tier social order." I'm translating that to mean that the Franks slaughtered the remaining Roman landowners, stole everything they could and reduced their new subjects to quaking fear.
Another criticism is more conceptual. Many theories of Rome's fall have emphasized internal weaknesses leading to its dissolution. Heather takes the original tack of stressing the growing strength of Rome's enemies as the key determinant. I would have appreciated more description and analysis of Rome's internal issues, which of course also played a role in the Empire's fall.
I also think Heather ignores salient issues that highlight the catastrophic nature of the fall of the Roman empire. One of the many things I learned from "Empires & Barbarians" is that the estimated population of England in the late empire (late 4th century) was 3-7 million and that this population probably dropped to 1 million by the early 6th century. Obviously that is a disaster, but Heather doesn't spend any time pondering such a tragic devolution. Heather also ignores the plunge in literacy at all levels. He perhaps would answer that he couldn't cover all topics, and had to emphasize other subjects such as migration and material culture finds at archeological digs, but I think the book would have benefited from admitting that the overall cultural and economic impact of the middle ages was very, very negative. (See "The Fall of Rome and the End of Civilization" by Ward Perkins, which Heather singles out for praise.) These criticisms don't eliminate the book's strengths or its value, though.
Heather in his foreword writes that he spent sixteen years working on this book. The richness of research, careful and deep thought and intellectual sophistication of "Empires and Barbarians" makes it obvious he spent this time well.
In "The Fall of the Roman Empire," Heather presented what was to me a new and original explanation for the dissolution of the empire, one of history's great questions. Heather believes that technological developments and wealth leached out from the Roman borders to allow the Germanic tribes living in northern and eastern Europe to develop a greater level of material and political sophistication and more efficient agricultural methods. This increase in sophistication led to a population rise among the Germanic tribes, and in turn an increase in political and military heft, which allowed the tribes to encroach on an overextended Roman empire, teetering from civil war and war on its Persian front. In a fascinating passage in "Empires & Barbarians," Heather speculates that the Hunnic invasion form the steppes led by Attila was a crucial precipitating cause in the collapse of the empire, as the increasingly powerful Germanic tribes would probably have done no more than annex certain Roman provinces, letting the Empire continue on. Heather supports his theory principally through a review of recent archaeological research from Germany and eastern Europe with less emphasis placed on Roman historical writings.
"Empires & Barbarians" advances Heather's case by describing current thinking of human migrations, examines issues and controversies currently preoccupying ancient & medieval scholars, making in-depth analysis of events such as the Anglo-Saxon takeover of Britain and the expansion of the Frankish empire in the 5th & 6th centuries, and careful reviews of the archaeological digs undertaken by Warsaw Pact scientists to unravel the mysteries of the Slavic ascendance. The analysis is penetrating, subtle and not pedantic.
A measure of the excellence of this book can be seen in the account of middle medieval Byzantium. I have read quite a few books about Byzantine history yet nothing has clarified for me the shape and crucial developments in Byzantium's empire after the fall of the west like the few pages Heather devotes to it. Heather summarizes the brutal wars Byzantium successfully engaged in during the earlier part of the 7th century, with a dramatic and draining success on both the European and Persian fronts "turning to ashes" as the Islamic wave swept across the world, expropriating several of the eastern empire's most important provinces, which rendered Byzantium into an appendage of the Islamic empire after about 650. Such clarifying overviews are frequently found in "Empires & Barbarians".
I mentioned some flaws: The chief among them is a stilted, academic style. There is a reliance on jargon and euphemism that detracts from Heather's message and analysis. Phrases like "political identity" and "variegated patterns of participation" abound. Heather would have been better served by writing crisply and clearly. Writing of the Frankish takeover of Roman territories in northern Gaul, he writes: "the process was stressful for the indigenous population, who found themselves invaded by an intrusive new elite and incorporated into a new kingdom that was imposing on them new duties based on the alternative conception of a triple-tier social order." I'm translating that to mean that the Franks slaughtered the remaining Roman landowners, stole everything they could and reduced their new subjects to quaking fear.
Another criticism is more conceptual. Many theories of Rome's fall have emphasized internal weaknesses leading to its dissolution. Heather takes the original tack of stressing the growing strength of Rome's enemies as the key determinant. I would have appreciated more description and analysis of Rome's internal issues, which of course also played a role in the Empire's fall.
I also think Heather ignores salient issues that highlight the catastrophic nature of the fall of the Roman empire. One of the many things I learned from "Empires & Barbarians" is that the estimated population of England in the late empire (late 4th century) was 3-7 million and that this population probably dropped to 1 million by the early 6th century. Obviously that is a disaster, but Heather doesn't spend any time pondering such a tragic devolution. Heather also ignores the plunge in literacy at all levels. He perhaps would answer that he couldn't cover all topics, and had to emphasize other subjects such as migration and material culture finds at archeological digs, but I think the book would have benefited from admitting that the overall cultural and economic impact of the middle ages was very, very negative. (See "The Fall of Rome and the End of Civilization" by Ward Perkins, which Heather singles out for praise.) These criticisms don't eliminate the book's strengths or its value, though.
Heather in his foreword writes that he spent sixteen years working on this book. The richness of research, careful and deep thought and intellectual sophistication of "Empires and Barbarians" makes it obvious he spent this time well.
TriumphCommunications
5つ星のうち5.0
Good job!
2019年12月5日にカナダでレビュー済みAmazonで購入
Product arrived on time and in good condition. Interesting book!