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Galerius and the Will of Diocletian (Roman Imperial Biographies) ハードカバー – イラスト付き, 2009/11/19
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Drawing from a variety of sources - literary, visual, archaeological; papyri, inscriptions and coins – the author studies the nature of Diocletian’s imperial strategy, his wars, his religious views and his abdication. The author also examines Galerius’ endeavour to take control of Diocletian’s empire, his failures and successes, against the backdrop of Constantine’s remorseless drive to power.
The first comprehensive study of the Emperor Galerius, this book offers an innovative analysis of his reign as both Caesar and Augustus, using his changing relationship with Diocletian as the principal key to unlock the complex imperial politics of the period.
- 本の長さ280ページ
- 言語英語
- 出版社Routledge
- 発売日2009/11/19
- 寸法15.75 x 2.03 x 23.37 cm
- ISBN-100415404886
- ISBN-13978-0415404884
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"Galerius and the Will of Diocletian is a valuable read for anyone interested in the later Roman Empire." - Albert Nofi, The NYMAS Review
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- 出版社 : Routledge; 第1版 (2009/11/19)
- 発売日 : 2009/11/19
- 言語 : 英語
- ハードカバー : 280ページ
- ISBN-10 : 0415404886
- ISBN-13 : 978-0415404884
- 寸法 : 15.75 x 2.03 x 23.37 cm
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The book is quite enjoyable for everyone interested in analyzing more closely Diocletian's famous Tetrarchy and how it functioned. I was amazed to discover that Tetrarchy is actually a later word to refer to something that at the time was just considered an adoption policy, much similar to other periods of the Empire (for example when Antoninus Pius adopted Lucius Verus and Marcus Aurelius at the same time). The Empire was able to recover and to re-flourish for a brief period thanks to Diocletian's reforms and this book glances through them pretty effectively. Only sad point, it really is mostly a book for whoever wants to write a paper on Diocletian (which is why I bought it) and therefore the narration of the events and the comment might seem a little dry at times. It arrived punctually and I would recommend it to anyone interested in the period it deals with.
The book is a political history of the period between AD 284, when Diocletian seized power to December 311 and his death. Galerius, his chosen successor, had died a few months before after failing to defeat Maxentius and avenge Severus, his own nominee as Augustus in the West, and after having passed an Edict of Toleration that stopped the Persecution of Christians. One of the main interests of this book is to present a clear and very plausible explanation of the causes of Galerius' failure to perpetuate Diocletian's ruling system. According to the author, it was not, as often mentioned, because Diocletian's system was not dynastic. Rather, it was because the key ingredient - Diocletian's domination of the college and his unquestionable supremacy - was missing. Despite Galerius' qualities, and Bill Leadbetter shows that he had many, he was unable to exercise a similar level of authority and attract the same kind of respect from his colleagues as his former Emperor had.
As the author shows rather well, Galerius' problems started straight after Diocletian's rather exceptional abdication, as he was confronted with Constance Chlorus, who had also become Augustus and who was older (and therefore senior) than him. Galerius, despite his efforts, had to accept Constantine's usurpation and concede to him the title of Caesar and the rule in Gaul, Spain and Britain after the death of Constance Chlorus. He was also unable to put down the rebellion of Maxentius. The later seems to have been a rather shrewd political operator. He called his father Maxentius out of his semi-forced retirement (he had rather reluctantly complied with Diocletian's orders and abdicated at the same time as the Senior Augustus) to benefit from his military experience.
The overall assessment of Galerius' reign as Diocletian's Caesar (AD 293 to AD 305) and then as senior Emperor (AD 305 to AD 311) is far from being entirely negative. However, his major achievements seemed to have occurred during the former period, during which he was Diocletian's faithful and talented lieutenant, particularly his crushing victory over the Persians, which Diocletian converted into a diplomatic triumph, and on the Danube frontier. In other words, the core thesis of the author is that he was at his best when being Diocletian's henchman, but he was unable to step into his shoes.
Related to this assessment is a detailed and fascinating explanation regarding the causes and the responsibilities of such a failure. There are also careful analyses and explanations provided about specific key events such as Diocletian's amazing abdication - the only Roman Emperor to ever renounce the supreme power and retire - and the Great Persecution. Contrary to the very biased and misleading views of Lactancius, which many historians still tend to promote, both events were, according to the author, very much Diocletian's decisions,
A further benefit of this book is that it also draws interesting portraits of the actions and characters of most of the other less well-known key players, none of which were insignificant. One of these is Constance Chlore, Constantine's remarkable and quite formidable father whose own achievements are occulted by those of his son. Another impressive character was Diocletian's colleague as Augustus (and friend). As the author makes clear, Diocletian and these two (and possibly Galerius, although he seems to have much younger than the others) probably knew each other ever since Diocletian's accession which they are supported. As Bill Leadbetter shows very well, it is this knowledge, predictability and trust between the old comrades in arms which was entirely missing with both Maxentius and Constantine. Neither of the two was intended or supposed to reign and neither seems to have been trusted by either Diocletian or by Galerius, his number two.
Once again: a superb, original and convincing read, which is well worth five stars.
Overall, a very well done and interesting book, highly recommended for anyone interested in the subject.