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Modernization and Postmodernization ペーパーバック – 1997/5/5
購入オプションとあわせ買い
- 本の長さ464ページ
- 言語英語
- 出版社Princeton University Press
- 発売日1997/5/5
- 寸法15.6 x 2.67 x 23.39 cm
- ISBN-10069101180X
- ISBN-13978-0691011806
商品の説明
出版社からのコメント
レビュー
Ronald Inglehart is one of the very few scholars to have remained consistently engaged with both the study of political culture and the
development of modernization theory over the past few decades. In Modernization and Postmodernization, he presents the cumulative results of decades of research on the interrelationships among cultural values, democracy, and capitalism. His findings are consistently thought-provoking and often surprising and should inspire prolonged and productive controversy. . . . Overall, Inglehart's fascinating book raises tantalizing questions about the long-term trajectory of value change in modern society.
"[This is] Inglehart's most convincing demonstration of the theory of intergenerational value change, the cornerstone of his scholarship. . . . With data from 43 societies collected over nearly three decades, and representing 70 percent of the world's population . . .the analysis of Inglehart's unprecedented comparative dataset is nuanced, sophisticated, and certain to stimulate the kind of criticism that will deepen our understanding of social change."-- "The Review of Politics"
著者について
登録情報
- 出版社 : Princeton University Press (1997/5/5)
- 発売日 : 1997/5/5
- 言語 : 英語
- ペーパーバック : 464ページ
- ISBN-10 : 069101180X
- ISBN-13 : 978-0691011806
- 寸法 : 15.6 x 2.67 x 23.39 cm
- Amazon 売れ筋ランキング: - 177,569位洋書 (洋書の売れ筋ランキングを見る)
- - 79位Demography Studies
- - 411位Social Sciences Research
- - 1,409位History & Theory of Politics
- カスタマーレビュー:
著者について
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Inglehart, however, suggests that the deterministic arguments posed by both the Marxists and Weberians are oversimplified. Rather, Inglehart argues that economic, political, and cultural variables are mutually dependent and intertwined. He writes, "if you know one component you can predict the other components with far better than random success" (331). Inglehart further critiques Modernization Theory for its emphasis on linearity. Rather than moving in one continuous direction, the author argues that there is a fundamental change in values and motivations, this being the shift to Postmodernization.
With these two critiques, as well as rebuke of the supposed ethnocentricity of the theory, and the assumption that Modernization leads to democracy, Inglehart pursues a new model of economic, political, and cultural change which composes his Modernization and Postmodernization thesis.
Inglehart argues that during the Modernization phase a society undergoes economic, cultural, and political changes. "Economic development is linked with a syndrome of changes that includes not only industrialization, but also urbanization, mass education, occupational specialization, bureaucratization, and communications development, which in turn are linked with still broader cultural, social, and political changes" (8).
We see individuals moving away from status based on ascription, towards status based on achievement; we see a move towards rational-legal authority structures, etc. Additionally, during this time, individual values are based on achieving economic security and material gain. However, as Inglehart points out, advanced industrial societies eventually reach a level of marginal rate of return on economic growth. When a society reaches this threshold, we begin to see a fundamental change in values and institutional structures, or a move to a Postmodern Society. Inglehart writes, "Postmodernism is the rise in new values and lifestyles, with greater toleration for ethnic, cultural, and sexual diversity and individual choice concerning the kind of life one wants to lead" (23). In short, economic growth eventually reaches a point of marginal utility and accompanying value and motivational changes occur.
In explaining the Postmodern transition, Inglehart discusses extensively the theory of Intergenerational Value Change. He writes, "This shift in worldview and motivations springs from the fact that there is a fundamental difference between growing up with awareness that survival is precarious, and growing up with the feeling that one's survival is precarious, and growing up with the feeling that one's survival can be taken for granted" (31). The post-WWII generation experienced high levels of economic growth coupled with the rise of the welfare state. This granted them a great deal of economic and social security. This security allowed society to pursue Postmodern values. The transition to Postmodern values has eroded many of the institutions which characterized industrial/modern society: (1) in a secure environment, people seek the stability of a strong government - such rational-legal authority is no longer in the Postmodern society; (2) this environment of stability/security lessens the importance placed on economic growth; although the Postmodern society has lower rates of economic growth, the subjective happiness of a society is high; (3) traditional social structures also decline in importance, i.e. less importance is placed on religion, the familial structure, sexual norms etc.
Ronald Inglehart loves trying to understand political and social change around the world. In particular, he wants to foresee where cultural values, styles of government, and human well-being are going. He draws us into the drama. His database, the World Values Surveys (WVS), beginning about 1970 and continuing through about 1993 as covered by Inglehart's 1997 report, is an admirable and potentially important undertaking. Yet Inglehart's ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Inglehart, Ronald Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic, and political change in 43 societies (1997) Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ, x + 454 pages
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findings are deeply flawed for several reasons. I present both the good and the bad of this work under the guidelines that the praise will be stated succinctly and the criticisms will be explained at a length sufficient to make them understandable and reviewable. This review is offered as a view of what is possible and useful to science and society, not as a view of Inglehart's work from the perspective of a fellow political scientist. This review is a long one.
[At almost 7,300 words, this reviewer has been unable to post his review here. Your interest in the review is welcomed. Please find the reviewer's email address in the membership directories of the American Board for Professional Psychology, the American Psychological Association, the American Statistical Association, the Association for Computing Machinery, Psychometric Society, the Society for Industrial-Organizational Psychology, or the American Association for the Advancement of Science and email asking for a copy of the complete review.]
Bellevue WA
19 January 2015
Copyright (c) 2015 by Paul F. Ross. All rights reserved.