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権力の失墜 上: 大統領たちの危機管理 単行本 – 2000/6/1

4.6 5つ星のうち4.6 113個の評価
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  1. 本の長さ
    430ページ
  2. 言語
    日本語
  3. 出版社
    日経BPマーケティング(日本経済新聞出版
  4. 発売日
    2000/6/1
  5. ISBN-10
    4532163374
  6. ISBN-13
    978-4532163372
  7. すべての詳細を表示
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内容（「MARC」データベースより）

ニクソン以後の5代の大統領たちはいずれも、ウォーターゲート事件の教訓を生かせず、スキャンダルの嵐に巻きこまれていく。ホワイトハウスと検察官、議会、メディアとの攻防劇。上巻はフォードからブッシュまでを扱う。

登録情報

  • 出版社 ‏ : ‎ 日経BPマーケティング(日本経済新聞出版; New版 (2000/6/1)
  • 発売日 ‏ : ‎ 2000/6/1
  • 言語 ‏ : ‎ 日本語
  • 単行本 ‏ : ‎ 430ページ
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 4532163374
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-4532163372
  • カスタマーレビュー:
    4.6 5つ星のうち4.6 113個の評価

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マグマ
5つ星のうち5.0 日本にはない取材力と文章力、深みのある分析に感銘
2010年10月20日に日本でレビュー済み
　これもボブ・ウッドワード氏の傑作です。ウォーターゲート事件を暴いたワシントン・ポスト紙の看板記者として知られる同氏ですが、『大統領の陰謀』だけでなく、グリーンスパンＦＲＢ議長を描いた『グリーンスパン』、さらにはブッシュ政権３部作などを読みましたが、本書もそうした傑作群に負けない秀作です。

　ウォーターゲート事件を暴いた同氏らしく、同事件がその後の歴代政権にどんな影響を与えたのか、また歴代政権はスキャンダルに見舞われたときにどう対処したのか、政権内の関係者とさらにそれを追う独立検察官やメディアの動きを詳細にレポートしています。改めていうまでもないことですが、その詳細を極める取材と叙述力、構成力、そして分析力、あらゆる点でその深さに感心しました。浅薄な勧善懲悪やワンサイドの大本営発表を垂れ流す日本のジャーナリズムでは到底到達できない深く・あるいは高い境地がここにはあります。なにをもとに書いたのか、その根拠となる取材データを示す豊富な注釈もフェアであると感じられました。
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5つ星のうち4.0 大統領のスキャンダル史
2003年4月8日に日本でレビュー済み
この本は、ニクソン大統領のウォーターゲート事件以来、米国のマスコミ及び市民の政治に対する不信感が高まり、その後の政権（フォード、カーター、レーガン、ブッシュ）が冤罪も含めてスキャンダルで泥まみれになっていく様子を克明に綴っている。著者は、ウォーターゲート事件が如何に後世に深刻な影響を与えたかということを描きたかったそうだが、その目的は達成されていると思う。人間は誰しも完全無欠ではないのだが、スキャンダルの中には明らかに冤罪であるものや、遠い過去をほじくりかえすようなものや、飲酒、性癖など政治的能力には関わらずとも、人格に関わるような問題をマスコミが執拗に攻めるという矛盾を指摘している。スキャンダルによっては、家族や本人の人権が大きく侵害され、仕事㡊??精神面においても大きな被害を被った例もあり、マスコミの罪の深さを感じた。意外だったのは、レーガン大統領については、側近も検察官も国民も比較的寛容であり、彼が如何に周りに愛されていたかが分かった点である。なお、この本はスキャンダルに焦点をあてた作品であるので、それ以外の政治の重要な問題については殆ど書かれていない。その意味で物足りないと思う人もいるかもしれないが、まさに原題（SHADOW）通り米国政治の裏側を描いたものだといえよう。
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William R Mathison
5つ星のうち5.0 Another great Bob Woodward book for the library
2020年9月2日にカナダでレビュー済み
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Well it is all part of my continued pursuit to try and understand the American political pysche.
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Jeremy A. Perron
5つ星のうち5.0 IMPERILED PRESIDENCY
2011年1月14日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済み
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Bob Woodward, who with his partner, Carl Bernstein, brought down the Nixon Administration with their exposes of Watergate. Twenty-five years later, Bob Woodward would take a crack at the legacy that Nixon left behind on the presidency itself and how that institution would have to cope with restrictive laws and scrutiny that it did not have in the past. The book examines how the five presidents who followed Nixon have had to handle that terrible legacy. It is also however, a strong indictment on the very existence of the Office of the Independent Counsel that was created in response to Watergate.

Woodward begins with Gerald Ford the immediate successor who, after already making history by being the nation's first appointed vice president, becomes President on the moment of Nixon's resignation. The first major crisis he would have to deal with would be rather or not he, President Ford, should pardon Nixon, who did not want to admit to doing anything wrong. The new President would have a hard time with new national mood, which was very sensitive to any perceived abuse of executive powers. Woodward's analysis is that Ford suffered from only having run in campaigns no bigger than a Michigan congressional district. Every other president, even former 'accidental presidents,' had to at least campaign in one national campaign. Ford was unique in the fact that he did not have the experience coming into the presidency, which made it difficult for him to function.

"As the years have passed, I have become more and more convinced that Ford made the correct decision in pardoning Nixon. Nixon had already paid the political death penalty of resignation, and for Ford a pardon was the only way of ending the public and media obsession with his predecessor's future. The problem in the pardon was in Ford's execution. To be successful, the pardon required elaborate orchestration. The public, Congress and the media needed to be prepared. Ford should have mustered all his sense of decency to explain his actions to the public. He should have seen the danger and avoided the discussions of the pardon with Haig. He should have required Nixon to sign a statement admitting his guilt and release it with the pardon."p.37

In 1977, Jimmy Carter replaced Gerald Ford under the promise he would never lie to or deceive the American people. That was a promise he could not keep. Worse, Carter in signed into law the Ethics in Government Act that was intended to clean up government and prevent future President Nixons, and was a disaster. Failing to understand that the Founding Fathers always knew that man like Nixon would come along, and thus created a system of checks and balances and a free press within the Constitution, the U.S. Congress and President Carter decided to that another 'President Nixon' should be made impossible. The law would allow what would be later called an Independent Counsel, to become a fourth branch of government. The Carter Administration would pay dearly as investigation after investigation would go on for months at a time.

"The shadow the two-month Lance scandal cast was long, deepening the alienation Carter felt toward the Congress, the media and Washington. The implicit promise that he would never allow a repetition of the national Watergate embarrassment was in question. Carter realized he had somewhat ostentatiously sought high ethical and legal standards but was quick to seek exception for a friend." p.61

The book takes a small detour to discuss Theodore Olson's brave fight against the Act. Olson, who after this book was written would go on to argue for George W. Bush in Bush v. Gore and is now trying to overturn California's ban on gay marriage, fought an independent counsel all the way to the Supreme Court and lost. Morrison v. Olson was one of the most wrongly decided cases in history, but Justice Scalia* had a powerful dissent that hopefully may become the majority opinion if the Supreme Court ever had to review a case like it again.

"Olson found immense comfort in Justice Scalia's dissent, which said the dispute was about one thing: 'Power.' Since Article II of the Constitution vest all executive power in the president, including the power to investigate and prosecute crimes, Scalia wrote that the law modified the Constitution. 'How much removal of presidential power is too much? Many countries of the world get along with an executive that is much weaker than ours--in fact, entirely dependent on the continued support of the legislature. Once we depart from the text of the Constitution, just where short of that do we stop?' The prospect of an independent counsel turned loose was 'frightening...One must grieve for the Constitution,' Scalia argued." p.94

In his section on Ronald Reagan, Woodward skips right to the last quarter of Reagan's presidency when the Iran-Contra affair was heating up. Judge Lawrence Walsh, who would be the Independent Counsel assigned in this case would carry on his investigation for six years, long after Reagan left office, and did not stop until President Bush pardoned most everyone. Walsh even had Reagan under oath when he was clearly severely affected by his Alzheimer's disease creating a pathetic and sad show.

"Walsh respected what Reagan had done so far as president. He did not sense public anger with Reagan, as had been the case with Nixon. He decided to move carefully. He would try to make cases against North and Poindexter, and then see what developed. He had no plan to prosecute Reagan, although many in the White House, Congress and the media assumed he was moving to lay the grounds to impeach the president. Walsh suspected that President Reagan knew about the diversion of millions of dollars from the Iran arms sales profits to his beloved contras. But he couldn't project precisely where he was taking his investigation. 'I sort of move as I feel,' he said. His style was to be deferential to the president, but not to his men." p.131

George Bush would have to deal with many scandals during his own presidency. One was the Savings and Loans scandal involving his son, Neil Bush, and the author was Walsh investigation of Iran-Contra that he inherited from his predecessor. Reading this book over decade after it first came out, I am a little amused by Woodward's reasoning for George Bush's problems. According to Woodward, Bush lacked the killer instinct that most politicians have. I find this interesting because his son, President George W. Bush, clearly did not lack that instinct.

"Bush's political skills were interpersonal--the chummy heads of state club he managed so well and loved even more. Struggle, name-calling, digging into a motivation or person's life deeply offended him. He generally didn't make noise or protest. He had built his career as the patron of other Republican presidents, turning setbacks into opportunities. Nixon had rescued him from defeat in 1970, after he had lost the Texas Senate race, appointing him United Nations Ambassador. Ford had made him director of central intelligence, his first major executive post and one with mystique. Reagan had selected him to be vice president after he lost the nomination.

Bush had played by the accepted rules of the Republican Party and gentlemanly restraint had served him well. But the same qualities that had helped Bush reach the presidency hurt him once he became president. He had not acquired the political skills that many politicians develop through struggle and adversity." p.223

The book then turns to President Bill Clinton, who was president at the time of the book's publication and who over half this book is about. President Clinton would face the worst attack on the institution of the presidency since Andrew Johnson was impeached. In fact, Clinton would share that legacy with the first President Johnson. The attack on Clinton was in part his own fault, not just for his foolish behavior, but also because he did not let the Ethics in Government Act expire when he should.

"In any form, Nussbaum was opposed. 'Here is an institution I understand,' he told Clinton. 'It is evil. They have one case. They have unlimited resources. They have no time limit. Their entire reputation hinges on making that one case.'

Nussbaum recalled for the president that when he had worked as a prosecutor, he had many cases going, often simultaneously. If one didn't work out he could turn to another in the stack. The process naturally drew the prosecutor's attention to the most obvious and important crimes--the ones with the best evidence. In contrast, an independent prosecutor closed the office only when no crimes were found. It becomes a magnet for allegations, Nussbaum said. The office might as well be an advertisement for people to bring in dirt. The Justice Department is at least accountable to the president in a sense on a president's side, he argued. The Justice Department would at least receive and evaluate allegations with a presumption of innocence. An independent prosecutor can and often does operate with a presumption of guilt, he maintained." p.234-5

Clinton would endure an assault on him and his presidency that none of the Founders could have imagined. The President found himself being degraded and humiliated in a way no president should have gone though. His personal sins were exposed in ways that had nothing to with the government. Clinton would be impeached and acquitted. After the public uproar the Office of the Independent Counsel would be abolished, hopefully for good. Although, this book was published prior to that great event happening.

"During the pre-Lewinsky phase of the Whitewater investigation, from 1994 to early 1998, the Clintons and their attorney David Kendall reacted too many times as if the scandal were Watergate. They seemed to be hiding. Scrambling for cover, the Clintons and their lawyers played their parts too well. The forest is full of wolves, Kendall said. The forest is full of wolves, Kendall said. He believed that some of Starr's deputies were so hostile and aggressive that they had to be beaten into the ground. He had a strong case after 1996. But earlier, in 1994 and 1995, the president, Kendall and Starr should have worked out an arrangement to end the investigation at any reasonable cost. The prolonged investigation became an abuse in itself. Starr's decision to send a massive narrative of the Clinton-Lewinsky sexual relationship to Congress as part of his impeachment referral was pathetic and unwise. His determination to continue the marginal investigations and prosecutions after he had essentially completed his Clinton inquiries made no sense. Starr had lost his way." p.515-6

This is book is a fascinating look into American Government of the late twentieth century. It no longer has the same 'feel' when it first came out since it is becoming more history than news. Since this book was written we have had two presidents and I find it difficult to envision a Starr-like investigation into a president in the era of the 'War on Terror' and that is good thing. If a president is ever again impeached, let it be for a real reason.

*Who I disagree with on many things.
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Idiots everywhere
5つ星のうち5.0 Great!
2024年4月23日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済み
Amazonで購入
5 presidents discuss how watergate affected this country. Excellent.
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Jeanine Reeves
5つ星のうち5.0 Shadow
2018年11月13日にカナダでレビュー済み
Amazonで購入
I have just received this book (due to our mail strike), and am looking forward to reading it over the wintry months. Thank you!
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J. P. Ledbetter
5つ星のうち4.0 Interesting, disturbing, and frustrating.
2000年1月17日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済み
Amazonで購入
I have to commend Bob Woodward for his research and informative work (story) on how "We the People" have suffered and been humiliated, used, betrayed and lied to by so many of our Leaders. Although he treated them all with kid gloves, I suppose that was his intention. It is true that as a result of the Watergate incident the fallout has yet to settle. And that every President immediately upon entering into office and power has been a target for a corrupted law (the Independent Counsel Law). Which has been misused and misapplied by incompetent administrators in the Justice Department and Congress. And excessive Independent counsels as well. Not to mention that it was entirely too sweeping in its authority and scope.
It is a shame that the Senate failed in their duty to remove Bill Clinton for the good of the country and once again insist on honesty and virtue in the Oval Office. It is a wound that will never heal. They could not see past their own self-interest.
It is also my opinion that in the far underlying currents of this book Bob is trying to make the Presidents after Nixon, particularly Clinton, victims (and Hillary as well) of the political system, and by that I mean all of them not just one party but all of them. But let's face reality here, they brought it upon themselves, due to incompetence, guilt, dishonesty and/or stupidity.
There is in my eyes both a vast left wing and a vast right wing conspiracy at work here in America and the philosophy from both sides is "Too Hell with the American People", "either they get on our train or they are worthless". They believe that average Americans are just too naive to understand their extreme views and fanatic causes and so they hold on to their simple-minded party, gender, racial, single issue madness and extremely volatile views.
But what this book really shows, is the utter incompetence of the Presidents, First Ladies (or should we now say first persons) and their Administrations. They regard the American people as ignorant, simple-minded sheep that need to be led and who cannot add one and one and get two. Unfortunately too many people actually believe they get the truth from the major news networks papers and polls. Perhaps they are sheep.
So politicians will not come clean with the American People when an error or problem is discovered or occurs. Instead they build up elaborate teams of yes men and women who will go out and deceive the public and bastardize the political branches of government and corrupt the justice system. These men and women refuse to put the country and "We the People" first above their Party, partisan politics and personal pride or self-interest. Bob Woodward has told us about the failures of the five Presidents he depicts in this book and says it is all about Watergate. And that may well be.
Every President since Kennedy has allowed himself to be corrupted in some personal way either due to action or inaction on their part, or on the part of their staff. And they were certainly not loyal to America and it's people, I. E. Betty Curry, Mike McCurry, Madeline Albright, Cohen and so many others. These are people who gave Nazi like loyalty to their party and certain individuals, but never to the country, the Constitution, or the people. And if by chance there were some that came in with genuine patriotic philosophies, they were quickly manipulated or forced into corrupting themselves. They were too foolish to get out and "just say so" and then tell the American People the truth.
Bob Woodward conclusively proves that politics is corrupt. And corrupt all the way down to the bone and that the first lady, is just as bad as all the rest. Which is why the founders were so adamant about virtuous people being put in power. We have lost the will or intelligence to do that. If we had it Alan Keyes and/or Gary Bauer would be the front runners right now in the GOP. We have been brainwashed to fear religious and principled men and women.
Clinton's staff was a comedy. A Company of "loyal to the death" people forgetting what loyalty really is, but most importantly whom that allegiance is really owed to. The American People!
We see in this book that politics is not longer about forming a more Perfect Union, establishing justice, insuring domestic Tranquillity, providing for the common defense, promoting the general welfare and securing the blessing of liberty to ourselves and our Posterity.
No, it is about whom can maintain power regardless of what is best for the future of America. It is about false and fake and manipulated polls. And it is about lying and cheating and forcing Americans to accept a Federal Government that has become exactly what our founders did not want it to be. It is about a Supreme Court that has become just as insane and unconstitutional in its deliberations and decisions. They are also just as guilty of Ignoring the founders blue prints.
Thank God and God Bless Allen Keyes, Gary Bauer, Pat Buchanan, and. Finally someone who will speak the truth and look America in the eye and say there is a better way. Wake up, America!
The Presidency has become nothing more than who can recruit the most and best lying lawyers to get away with their failures. One ups-man-ship is all they care about. It matters little to them about good, evil, right, wrong, duty, honor, integrity or virtue, just winning at any and all cost.
Thanks Bob for the review of history, now write a book that give the people a guideline on how to fix this tragic and pathetic mess.
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