画像はありません

選択したカラーの画像がありません。
カラー：

このビデオを見るには、次をダウンロード Flash Player

著者をフォロー

ロバ−ト・F．マ−フィ−

フォロー

ボディ・サイレント: 病いと障害の人類学 (SS海外ノンフィクション 2) 単行本 – 1997/6/30

ロバート・F. マーフィー (著), Robert F. Murphy (原名), 辻信一 (翻訳)

4.4 41個の評価

すべての形式と版を表示

このページの読み込み中に問題が発生しました。もう一度試してください。

この商品に関する問題を報告する

本の長さ

312ページ
言語

日本語
出版社

新宿書房
発売日

1997/6/30
ISBN-10

4880082430
ISBN-13

978-4880082431
すべての詳細を表示

商品の説明

内容（「MARC」データベースより）

米国の文化人類学者が全身が麻痺しはじめた自らの身体と社会との緊張した関係を死の直前までフィールドワークした記録。人類学者による本格的な身体障害の社会論であり醜老病死を排除する現代社会への抗議の文化論でもある。

登録情報

出版社 ‏ : ‎ 新宿書房 (1997/6/30)
発売日 ‏ : ‎ 1997/6/30
言語 ‏ : ‎ 日本語
単行本 ‏ : ‎ 312ページ
ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 4880082430
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-4880082431

Amazon 売れ筋ランキング: - 861,732位本 (本の売れ筋ランキングを見る)
- - 486位障害者
- - 2,600位社会福祉関連書籍
- - 16,224位社会学概論

カスタマーレビュー:
4.4 41個の評価

著者について

著者をフォローして、新作のアップデートや改善されたおすすめを入手してください。

ロバ−ト・F．マ−フィ−

Brief content visible, double tap to read full content.

Full content visible, double tap to read brief content.

著者の本をもっと発見したり、よく似た著者を見つけたり、著者のブログを読んだりしましょう

カスタマーレビュー

5つのうち4.4つ

41グローバルレーティング

星2つ

0%

星1つ

6%

虚偽のレビューは一切容認しません

この商品をレビュー

カスタマーレビューを書く

レビューのソート基準

上位レビュー、対象国：日本

レビューのフィルタリング中に問題が発生しました。後でもう一度試してください。

ジョブズ

「ボディ・サイレント」？

2016年2月24日に日本でレビュー済み

なんだか難しそうなタイトルで、事実、内容は障害学や人類学に関連した専門的なことだが、文体は小説的な語りが大半を占めており、難しさを感じさせずにスラスラ読める。

筆者・ロバート・マーフィーは、初めに筋肉痙攣を発症し、本書が執筆された最新の段階では四肢麻痺を起こしており、周囲の人の介護なしでは生活を送れない状態になった。彼は、自身の人類学者としての素養を活かし、レヴィ＝ストロースがアマゾン奥地の「未開」民族の社会を調査したように、自身の病状の進行とそれに関わって彼の周囲で起こる事態を記述していく。

ここで記述されているのは、平たく言うと、障害とは単に生物学的、科学的観点だけから同定されるものではなく、家族や病院、アメリカ文化など社会に埋め込まれているということであり、医療人類学に典型的な言説である。そして、障害や病いを抱える人たちに起こる問題は、あらゆる人間が生きていく上で直面する問題とも通底する部分があるのだ。この2つ目の主張は、メルロ・ポンティが『知覚の現象学』において行った議論と関連する部分がある。

以下、本書の中で興味深いと思える指摘を抜粋していく。

本書が執筆される上で困難だった点は、身体はマーフィー自身の主観的経験が生起する場であると同時に、研究対象となる客観的対象でもあるという両義性にある（14）。こうした自身の症状を語る取り組みとしては、浦河ペてるの家を発祥とする当事者研究との関連を指摘することができる。

身障者は「未開」民族と同じく周縁のmarginal人間であり、彼らの考察を通して人間一般を考えることができる（16）。

人は病いに羅漢することと、身体は自明な存在ではなくなり、意識的な思考の対象となる（24）。

病人にも社会的役割がある。例えば、辛くても明るく振舞う病人は歓迎される等々（32）。

例えば、動脈X線写真を撮影するために造影剤を飲むような苦しい経験は、さながらキリストの磔刑であり、キリスト教を信仰しなくなった人の中にも「罪」や「償い」といったテーマは残っている（55）。

身障者はたとえ自分に責任がない障害であったとしてもそのことに対して罪guiltや恥shameの感覚を抱きがちだ。匿名性が高い複雑な社会でも、例えば車椅子は「無残なほど丸みえ」に身障者の身体の損傷を曝し、それによってまた他者からの冷遇がもたらされる（123）。

身障者という社会的役割は、黒人、白人といった「人種」と同様、ときにはそれ以上に、本人の自己意識や社会的地位を決定する（137）。

一般人の多くが身障者に対して払うべき経緯を十分に払わない傾向がある。例えば、四肢麻痺の筆者に対して、ウェイターはあたかも筆者が文字が読めないかのようにメニューを渡さない、というように（158）。

身障者は、自立、独立するべきという社会的要請がある一方で、身体的、精神的依存を余儀なくされることがある（244）。

性別による身障者の在り方の違いがある。男性は働くべき、女性は働いても良いという（概ねどんな社会にも見られる）価値観のもとでは、女性の身障者が働けず家にこもることよりも、男性が家にこもることの方が精神的打撃が大きい（253）。

このように、障害や病いを医学以外の方面から考えるときに本書は有益な様々な視点を提供している。

6人のお客様がこれが役に立ったと考えています

役に立った

他の国からのトップレビュー

すべてのレビューを日本語に翻訳

Ben Lenail

A life-changing book.

2017年1月21日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済み

Amazonで購入

I am always interested in good books on science, medicine, and disability. Two great books on disability are “A Whole New Life” by Reynolds Price (1994); and “The Man He Became – How FDR defied polio to win the presidency” by James Tobin (2013).
I just finished another book on the topic: “The Body Silent” by Robert F. Murphy (1986). Rarely can I call a book truly life-changing, but this one had that impact on me. This is my attempt to summarize some of the key points of this extraordinary book, which resonated with my own condition.
Robert Francis Murphy (1924-1990) was an anthropologist at Columbia University in New York.
He grew up an Irish orphan in Brooklyn, enlisted in the US Navy at age 17 after Pearl Harbor, was discharged in 1946, and went to study at Columbia on the GI Bill. He got interested in anthropology after attending a talk by Claude Lévi-Strauss at Columbia. Lévi-Strauss remained his idol for the rest of his life. He met Yolanda, a Polish-American anthropology student at Columbia, and they were married in 1950 after a few weeks of courtship. His 1952, he and Yolanda went deep into the Amazon to study the Munduruku indigenous tribe for a full year. The couple faced incredible hardships with only each other for practical and emotional support. This was an experience that “made” their marriage, and helped explain the strength of their bond when calamity struck later.
In the 1960s, Murphy was a popular lecturer who sometimes drew a standing ovation from hundreds of students.
From 1968 to 1972, Murphy was the Dean of Anthropology at Columbia, during a tough period of faculty unrest and student strikes.
In 1972, Murphy, then aged 48 and in the prime of his professional and personal life, started noticing strange health symptoms. He had difficulty lifting his left foot, and his gait was labored. The fingers of his left hand would twitch or curve for no reason. Then followed four years that will ring familiar to all neurological patients. He was misdiagnosed; underwent painful, useless and costly tests; and was at times so fed up that he went into denial while his symptoms worsened.
Finally in 1976, a neurologist at Columbia-Presbyterian gave him the right diagnosis. He had a spinal tumor that occupied half the length of his spine. He likened it to the “invasion of the body snatcher.” The tumor was inoperable and would continue to grow slowly and inexorably.
By 1977, he was paraplegic; and by 1979, quadriplegic. He worked on this book for seven years, only interrupted by health crises and lengthy hospital stays. The book was a NYT best-seller, and received Columbia’s highest award.
Murphy was a chain-smoker and an alcoholic. He quit smoking in 1972 when his first neurological symptoms appeared, in the hope that it would make the symptoms disappear. He had started drinking in the Navy during World War II. He drank relentlessly for more than two decades until 1966 when he realized that he was about to lose his job and his family. He quit alcohol cold-turkey and never had another drop. He sees troubling parallels between alcoholics and some disabled people in their temptation to withdraw into isolation, self-pity, atrophy, and severance; and the reorganization of all family arrangements around the alcoholic / disabled person. The disabled person, just like the alcoholic, finds redemption by stopping the “collapse onto oneself”, escaping entropy, and reaching out to others.
Murphy chronicles his decline with lucidity and dignity. He is merciless in documenting the effect of paraplegia, and then quadriplegia, on sexual function, bladder function, and motor function.
He is unable to drive, to stand, to easily transfer from wheelchair to the toilet, to his bed, to a vehicle. His ability to conduct his activities of daily living is curtailed dramatically. His breath becomes labored which impacts his ability to speak and deliver his lectures. He can no longer go to university cocktail parties where everyone is standing up eating finger foods. His inability to turn in bed causes terrible sores. His view of his body changes completely, from an essential part of his identity and life-affirming activities, to sick apparatus that still barely sustains his brain, the only thing that now matters.
Murphy briefly feels suicidal but rules out that option when he realizes the impact it would have on his family.
Murphy documents the everyday obstacles on the path of a disabled person, from transportation to housing to employment. Many of these things have improved noticeably since 1986. Murphy was tasked by the President of Columbia to chair a task force to make Columbia compliant with the first ADA statutes. He first declined the appointment, fearing tokenism and futility, but later accepted and threw himself into the work. His group dramatically improved the campus infrastructure for disabled people, using only one-third of its allotted budget. He calls it the only university committee he saw that ever achieved something meaningful.
Murphy points out that many middle-aged disabled individuals choose early retirement instead of continuing to face the challenges of the workplace. There are tenacious myths about disabled people in the workplace – that they’re not as productive, that they might repel customers or other employees, etc. – which have been proven wrong by extensive studies. Most evidence shows that disabled people in the workplace are very productive, and their presence quickly accepted and routinized.
He outlines the welfare conundrum: many disabled people are pushed into welfare as they cannot afford to work lower-income jobs. By working, they lose disability benefits and supplemental assistance, for an income (and limited health insurance) that cannot cover their large medical expenses. He recommends welfare reform that rewards training and work over idleness and dependency.
Murphy is quick to point out the emergence of computers, and the rise of the service economy, as major positive forces for the economic empowerment and productivity of disabled people.
His comments on the evolving role of the spouse are both moving and painful. His wife Yolanda becomes a “total caregiver” (while still holding a faculty job at Hunter College). His dependency on her is complete. Yet they continue to love each other deeply and without resentment.
Murphy goes into detail into the sociology of disability.
The job of a sick person is to get well. The job of the disabled person is unclear. The disabled are strange “initiates” – they have been stripped of their previous identity, but have not yet acquired a new one, and probably never will.
Disabled people are still subjected to snub, avoidance, patronization, and occasional outright mockery and cruelty (witness our President-Elect). Able-bodied people generally don’t know how to behave with the disabled. They are awkward, silent, ashamed - all nuances of behavior compounded sometimes by the disabled themselves. Why? We don’t teach our kids to fear or hate disabled people, so something else is at play.
One argument is that American culture values independence, self-reliance and autonomy above all. The disabled person contradicts all. We worship physical fitness, beauty and youth. Disabled persons remind the able-bodied of their mortality. We also scapegoat disabled people – “it’s their fault” – as some denigrate poor people or people of color. Murphy points out that spinal cord injuries overwhelmingly strike young, lower-class men in the US. These injuries are caused by vehicular accidents, accidents in the construction trade, gang shootings, and military combat injuries – which all predominantly affect poor young men.
Attitudes to the disabled vary by country. The Japanese culture ostracizes the disabled; while the Nordics are very easy-going.
We expect the disabled to bear their burden handsomely, stoically, heroically. This is the image FDR carefully cultivated and projected during his triumphant return to politics in 1928.
Disability is a great equalizer among disabled people, their kin, and beyond. Disabled people are prone to comradeship and frank revelations. Many disabled people find purpose in working with and for other disabled folks. Murphy also noted a newfound ease and solidarity with the other “outsiders” in his life – he now easily befriended black people, custodians, women who had been standoffish when he was able-bodied. His students started calling him “Bob” and strolling into his office to seek his advice on relationships. Being disabled can make you seem more vulnerable, compassionate and less threatening.
In the end, Murphy recommends that disabled people not care about what people think of them. There is no shame and self-injury in disability. The able-bodied person’s prejudice is a mirror of their own problems. There can be dignity, spirit and imagination in disability.
Murphy encourages disabled men, in particular, to stay active, to work until the very end. He worked for Columbia until his dying breath. He labored furiously on this book, sometimes twelve hours a day, despite relentlessly declining health. It was worth it, for his spirit and ours.

10人のお客様がこれが役に立ったと考えています

レビューを日本語に翻訳する

superuser

Had me hooked from page one.

2015年9月7日にカナダでレビュー済み

Amazonで購入

amazing read. Robert Murthy clearly spent a considerable amount of time perfecting this book. it reads smooth, is full of inspiration and emotion. I love his writing style.

レビューを日本語に翻訳する

Isabelle

A struggle for autonomy

2011年9月16日に英国でレビュー済み

Amazonで購入

Robert Murphy, a professor of anthropology, wrote this candid and vivid account of his devastating, paralytic illness caused by a slow-growing, invasive, spinal tumour. The shocking effect this had on his status as a member of society was deeply distressing. From an anthropological and philosophical perspective he reflected that the study of paralysis offered a setting for observations of the struggles of the individual against society. He noted that the disabled became 'liminal people' caught in a 'social limbo' and pushed to the margins of society.
Robert Murphy did not allow himself to sink into ineria and despair but seized the opportunity to research the world of the disabled and join their struggle to regain dinity and autonomy and to find a way back into society. This is a powerful and instructive book.

1人のお客様がこれが役に立ったと考えています

レビューを日本語に翻訳する

Bernardo Oliveira

Life lessons

2018年7月3日にアメリカ合衆国でレビュー済み

Amazonで購入

An essential reading for everyone who wants to know about life, disability studies and anthropology

レビューを日本語に翻訳する

Trickle Tree

Brilliant!

2008年1月25日に英国でレビュー済み

Amazonで購入

This is a brilliant book. I read it to find out more about disability but found it had so much more to offer. The way we view our bodies and the way other people view us. It brings the subject of sociology alive and makes you see its importance as a subject of study. I particularly enjoyed the socio-economic observations towards the end of the book. I would recommend this book to everyone and especially sociological students and say this is how it should be done.

2人のお客様がこれが役に立ったと考えています

レビューを日本語に翻訳する

レビューをすべて見る

Amazon Advertising 商品の露出でお客様の関心と反応を引き出す	Audible（オーディブル）「聴く」読書会員なら聴き放題	アマゾンウェブサービス（AWS）クラウドコンピューティングサービス	Amazonアウトレット訳あり商品をお手頃価格で販売

Amazonビジネス（法人購買）請求書払い法人価格・数量割引	AmazonGlobal 65か国/地域以上への海外配送がより簡単に	Shopbop 世界中の厳選されたファッションアイテム

著者をフォロー

ボディ・サイレント: 病いと障害の人類学 (SS海外ノンフィクション 2) 単行本 – 1997/6/30

商品の説明

内容（「MARC」データベースより）

登録情報

著者について

ロバ−ト・F．マ−フィ−

カスタマーレビュー

この商品をレビュー

上位レビュー、対象国： 日本

レビューのフィルタリング中に問題が発生しました。後でもう一度試してください。

他の国からのトップレビュー

上位レビュー、対象国：日本